Accounting for a Romanian SRL

We keep the books for Romanian limited companies (SRL) in Ploiești, Prahova, Bucharest and the surrounding area, including foreign-owned ones. Filings go to the Romanian tax authority in Romanian; your reporting and our correspondence with you are in English.

Most owners who come to us from another country are not looking for a different service — they are looking to understand what the Romanian system requires of them. The sections below cover the parts that usually differ from what people expect.

What the monthly service covers

• Recording of all source documents: sales and purchase invoices, receipts, bank statements, expense claims
• Statutory registers — journal, inventory register and general ledger
• Corporate income tax, or micro-company turnover tax, depending on which regime applies
• Fixed asset register and depreciation
• Filing through SPV, the tax authority's electronic portal
• A monthly trial balance and a short statement of what is payable and when
• Handling notices and information requests from ANAF

Two tax regimes, and the choice is not permanent

A Romanian SRL is taxed either as a micro-company, at 1% of turnover, or at the standard 16% corporate income tax on profit. The micro-company regime is optional and applies only if the previous year's revenue did not exceed the equivalent of €100,000 — counted together with the revenue of any linked companies. It also has conditions attached — including at least one full-time employee (or part-time contracts that add up to one full-time post), only one micro-company per shareholder holding more than 25%, and annual accounts filed on time. A newly registered company has 90 days to hire its first employee.

A company that exceeds the threshold moves to profit taxation from the quarter in which its revenue for the year passes €100,000. This is worth modelling before incorporation rather than after: the two regimes produce materially different tax bills at the same revenue, and the more profitable the company, the more the difference matters.

VAT registration is separate from incorporation

Registering a company does not register it for VAT. A new SRL starts outside the VAT system, but must apply for VAT registration no later than the day its annual turnover passes 395,000 lei — VAT applies from the transaction that crosses the threshold. Miss that and ANAF registers the company retroactively from that date and assesses the VAT it should have charged, minus the VAT it could have deducted. On top of that come interest of 0.02% a day and a penalty of 0.01% a day — or 0.08% a day if the omission is discovered in a tax inspection.

Voluntary registration before the threshold is possible and is often the right call for a company that buys heavily from Romanian VAT-registered suppliers, or that sells business-to-business. If your company trades within the EU, registration also brings the recapitulative statement and an EU VAT number into scope.

Once registered, we file the VAT return (D300) and the informative statement of domestic supplies and purchases (D394), plus the recapitulative statement (D390) when the company trades within the EU.

The director is personally exposed

Under Romanian law the administrator carries personal responsibility for the company's tax obligations being met, and that responsibility does not transfer to the accountant. It is the single point most foreign owners are surprised by. In practice it means two things: filings must go in on time even in a month when the company did nothing, and you should be able to see what was filed on your behalf.

We send a monthly summary of what was submitted and what was paid, in English, so there is a record you can actually read.

Electronic invoicing is mandatory

Romania requires invoices to be issued through RO e-Factura, the national e-invoicing system, and received through SPV. This is not optional and applies to foreign-owned companies on the same terms. It is explained in full on our e-Factura and SPV page.

Taking over from your current accountant

We take over without interrupting trading. We request the trial balance, the statutory registers and the last filed annual accounts from your current accountant, reconcile the opening balances and continue from there. You will need to grant us access in SPV or issue a power of attorney for filing.